What term describes cells that have homologous chromosomes and are generated through mitosis?

What term describes cells that have homologous chromosomes and are generated through mitosis?

• A. Haploid Cells
• B. Diploid Cells
• C. Gametes
• D. Somatic Cells

Answer: (B)

The term that describes cells with homologous chromosomes generated through mitosis is diploid cells. These cells contain two complete sets of chromosomes, one inherited from each parent. In humans, for instance, diploid cells have a total of 46 chromosomes, arranged in 23 pairs, which include homologous chromosomes—each pair consists of one chromosome from the mother and one from the father. Mitosis is the process through which a diploid cell divides to produce two identical daughter cells, each also diploid, maintaining the same chromosome number. This process is crucial for growth, repair, and maintenance in multicellular organisms. Considering the other terms: haploid cells contain only a single set of chromosomes (one from each pair) and are typically seen in gametes (sperm and egg cells) produced through meiosis. Gametes are not generated through mitosis; instead, they are involved in sexual reproduction. Somatic cells are any cells in the body besides gametes, and while they are often diploid, the term by itself does not indicate the generation method. Therefore, the most accurate term for cells generated through mitosis with homologous chromosomes is diploid cells.

The term that describes cells with homologous chromosomes generated through mitosis is diploid cells. These cells contain two complete sets of chromosomes, one inherited from each parent. In humans, for instance, diploid cells have a total of 46 chromosomes, arranged in 23 pairs, which include homologous chromosomes—each pair consists of one chromosome from the mother and one from the father.

Mitosis is the process through which a diploid cell divides to produce two identical daughter cells, each also diploid, maintaining the same chromosome number. This process is crucial for growth, repair, and maintenance in multicellular organisms.

Considering the other terms: haploid cells contain only a single set of chromosomes (one from each pair) and are typically seen in gametes (sperm and egg cells) produced through meiosis. Gametes are not generated through mitosis; instead, they are involved in sexual reproduction. Somatic cells are any cells in the body besides gametes, and while they are often diploid, the term by itself does not indicate the generation method. Therefore, the most accurate term for cells generated through mitosis with homologous chromosomes is diploid cells.