What is the term for cells that contain only one set of chromosomes?

What is the term for cells that contain only one set of chromosomes?

• A. Diploid Cells
• B. Haploid Cells
• C. Somatic Cells
• D. Gametes

Answer: (B)

The term for cells that contain only one set of chromosomes is "haploid cells." These cells have half the number of chromosomes compared to diploid cells, which contain two sets of chromosomes. In humans, for example, diploid cells, such as most somatic cells, have 46 chromosomes (23 pairs), while haploid cells, such as gametes (sperm and eggs), have only 23 unpaired chromosomes. This single set of chromosomes is crucial for sexual reproduction because, during fertilization, when a sperm and an egg unite, the resulting zygote restores the diploid number. Understanding the distinction between haploid and diploid cells is fundamental in genetics, as it relates to how organisms reproduce and how genetic material is passed through generations.

The term for cells that contain only one set of chromosomes is "haploid cells." These cells have half the number of chromosomes compared to diploid cells, which contain two sets of chromosomes. In humans, for example, diploid cells, such as most somatic cells, have 46 chromosomes (23 pairs), while haploid cells, such as gametes (sperm and eggs), have only 23 unpaired chromosomes.

This single set of chromosomes is crucial for sexual reproduction because, during fertilization, when a sperm and an egg unite, the resulting zygote restores the diploid number. Understanding the distinction between haploid and diploid cells is fundamental in genetics, as it relates to how organisms reproduce and how genetic material is passed through generations.