What happens during Anaphase 1 of meiosis?

What happens during Anaphase 1 of meiosis?

• A. Chromosomes uncoil and cytoplasm divides
• B. Homologous chromosomes separate
• C. Sister chromatids separate
• D. Crossing over occurs

Answer: (B)

During Anaphase 1 of meiosis, homologous chromosomes separate and move toward opposite poles of the cell. This phase is critical for reducing the chromosome number by half, which is essential for producing gametes in sexual reproduction. Each chromosome still consists of two sister chromatids, but the focus during Anaphase 1 is on the separation of homologous pairs rather than the separation of sister chromatids. This ensures that each daughter cell will receive one chromosome from each homologous pair, setting the stage for genetic variation in gametes. The correct answer reflects the fundamental process of homologous chromosome separation, which is a defining characteristic of meiosis as it leads to genetic diversity in sexually reproducing populations.

During Anaphase 1 of meiosis, homologous chromosomes separate and move toward opposite poles of the cell. This phase is critical for reducing the chromosome number by half, which is essential for producing gametes in sexual reproduction. Each chromosome still consists of two sister chromatids, but the focus during Anaphase 1 is on the separation of homologous pairs rather than the separation of sister chromatids. This ensures that each daughter cell will receive one chromosome from each homologous pair, setting the stage for genetic variation in gametes. The correct answer reflects the fundamental process of homologous chromosome separation, which is a defining characteristic of meiosis as it leads to genetic diversity in sexually reproducing populations.